Budget Day 2025

 

Budget Day 2025

This article was published in our HBK newsletter

On Tuesday September 16, the outgoing Schoof government presented its second and final Budget Day plans. As expected, it has turned out to be a modest Tax Plan, with little room for innovative measures or surprising new policies. This outcome fits the overall character of the past cabinet period.

What are the consequences for you, both personally and for your business? As in previous years, we are pleased to present you with the highlights of the Tax Plan.

Do you have any questions after reading, or would you like to know the best strategy for your specific situation? As always, we are here to assist you with all your tax-related inquiries.

Income tax

Adjustment of Box 1 rates and tax brackets for individuals below the state pension age (AOW)
As of 2026, the tax rate in the first bracket will be reduced to 35.70% (2025: 35.82%). This applies to incomes up to the amount of € 38,883.
The tax rate for incomes in the second bracket from € 38,883 to € 41,123 will be 37.56% in 2026 (2025: 36.97%).
Since last year, a third bracket has also been (re)introduced; incomes from € 79,137 (2025: € 76,817) and above continue to be taxed at 49.50%.

The above-mentioned rates include national insurance contributions.

Adjustment of box 1 tax brackets for tax payers with the State Pension Age (born in 1946 or before) (AOW)

  • Tax bracket 1 – 17.80% for incomes up to € 38,883 (born from 1946).
  • Tax bracket 1 – 17.80% for incomes up to € 41,123 (born before 1946).
  • Tax bracket 2 – 37.56% for incomes up to € 79,137.
  • Tax bracket 3 – 49.50% for incomes above € 79,137.


Adjustment of main tax credits

General Tax Credit
The general tax credit applies to all taxpayers. The maximum tax credit amounts to € 3,115 (2025: € 3,068) for income from employment and home ownership up to € 29,736 (2025: € 28,406). Above this threshold, the credit is gradually phased out to nil. Since 2023, the reduction depends on the total income across box 1, box 2, and box 3, rather than only on income from employment and home ownership.

Labor Tax Credit
In 2026, the maximum labor tax credit will be € 5,712 (2025: € 5,599). From an income from employment of € 45,593 (2025: € 43,071), the credit will be reduced by 6.51% until it phases out completely.

Income from employment includes income from current employment work such as profit from business activities, wages, or income from other activities (Box 1).

(Single) Elderly Tax Credit
These credits will also be slightly increased. The maximum elderly tax credit will amount to € 2,067 (2025: € 2,035), and the single elderly tax credit will be € 540 (2025: € 531). The elderly tax credit will be reduced by 15% once the income exceeds the amount of € 46,002 (2025: € 45,308), phasing out to nil.

Income dependable combination tax credit (IACK)
This child-related tax credit is meant to encourage work for single parents and for the fiscal partner with the lowest income with children under the age of 12  years. The IACK will amount to a maximum of € 3,032 (2025: € 2,986). Starting per 2027, this tax credit will gradually be phased out, and by 2035 it will be fully abolished.

Entrepreneurs: Business Facilities
In 2026, the SME profit exemption will remain at 12.7%. This exemption allows profit from business activities entrepreneurs to reduce their taxable profit, resulting in lower income tax liability. However, the overall tax benefit for entrepreneurs in the income tax system will continue to be phased out step by step.

  • The self-employed tax deduction will amount to €1,200 in 2026 (2025: € 2,470). It is the intention to reduce this deduction further to € 900 by 2027.
  • The additional deduction for starting entrepreneurs will remain unchanged at € 2,123.

With respect to the WBSO (R&D tax facility) and the innovation box, no changes will be made to percentages or brackets in 2026. This means for the innovation box that the effective innovation box rate will remain at 9%.

Box 2 tax rates will remain unchanged for 2026
Since 2024, income from substantial interest in Box 2 has been taxed using a two-bracket system. The tax brackets will be indexed, but the tax rates for 2026 will remain unchanged compared to 2025.

  • The first bracket for income up to € 68,843 (for fiscal partners: € 137,686) at a rate of 24.5%.
  • Any income above this threshold will be taxed against 31%.

Measures on indirectly held profit participation (“lucratief belang”)
The government has responded to political calls to increase the taxation of benefits from an indirectly held profit participation (via one’s own BV) in Box 2 (“lucratief belang”).

Under the proposed legislation, the tax burden on these benefits will be increased through a multiplication factor applied to Box 2 income derived from indirectly held profit participation.

  • The first bracket rate in Box 2 will increase from 24.5% to 28.45%.
  • The second bracket rate will rise to 36%.

This measure will apply to remuneration structures for management and/or private equity services provided by managers and where the remuneration does not reflect their actual contribution.

Box 3 tax rate remains unchanged
In the 2026 Tax Plan, it states that the current Box 3 tax rate of 36% will remain in effect.

The tax-free threshold for assets will be significantly reduced from € 57,684 to € 51,396 in 2026.

This means that more of your savings and investments will be subject to taxation, even though the tax rate itself remains unchanged.

Adjustment of fictitious/deemed return of investment percentages in Box 3
A new taxation system concerning the taxation of assets is expected to take effect as per January 1, 2028. Under this system, the actual return on assets will be taxed.

Until then, taxation will continue to be based on an estimated fictitious/deemed return of investments. If the actual return on assets is lower than the deemed return of investment, taxpayers can invoke the rebuttal provision.

For 2026, the government has proposed a significant increase of the deemed return of investment to 7.78% (2025: 5.88%) for all assets in the “other assets” category.

The deemed return of investment percentages for the categories bank and savings accounts, as well as debts, will only be announced during 2026.

Reduction of green investment exemption in 2027
Currently, green investments by individual taxpayers are encouraged through a Box 3 exemption and an additional tax credit on the exempted portion of green investments in designated green funds.

Previously adopted amendments lowered these exemptions and tax credits as of January 1, 2025, with the intention to completely abolish the tax credit as of January 1, 2027. However, these changes proved technically unfeasible.

The government now proposes to postpone the abolition of both the tax credit and the exemption until January 1, 2028. For 2027, a fixed amount of € 200 (fiscal partners: € 400) will be exempted. The tax credit for these green investments will remain at 0.1% in 2027.

Exclusion of the vacancy ratio (“leegwaarderatio”) in Box 3 in case a below-market rental income
In Box 3 and in the gift and inheritance tax, the value of a property is determined based on the WOZ value, which reflects its market value in a freely transferable state.

For rented out properties with tenant protection, the so-called “vacancy ratio” can be applied. This ratio is calculated based on the ratio between the annual rental income and the WOZ value.

The government now proposes to exclude related parties, such as parents and children, who agreed on below-market rental income, from applying the vacancy ratio in Box 3 and for gift and inheritance tax purposes.

This measure aims to prevent misuse of the scheme.

No changes regarding excessive lending (“excessief lenen”)
A substantial interest shareholder (holding at least 5% of shares) may borrow money from its company. If the borrowed amount exceeds a specified threshold amount, the exceeding amount will be taxed as income from a substantial interest (Box 2). Under certain conditions, mortgage debts concerning the taxpayer’s primary residence are exempted.

For 2026, the government has proposed to keep the current rules unchanged. If the loan exceeds the amount of € 500,000 at the end of the year, the exceeding amount will be taxed at the applicable Box 2 rate.

Wage tax

Free Space in the Work-Related Costs Scheme (WKR)
The percentage of the first bracket of the free space in the WKR remains unchanged in 2026 at 2%, the same as in 2025.

From 2027, the free space in the first bracket will increase to 2.16%. This provides employers, particularly in the SME sector, with more fiscal possibilities to offer attractive employment conditions. With this expanded free space, employers can more easily reimburse sustainable benefits, gym memberships, or additional home-working allowances.

Reduction of the extraterritorial costs scheme
Employers may tax-free reimburse employees who temporarily work outside their home country for the additional costs this work entails. There are two schemes for this: the so-called “30% ruling” and the scheme based on actual extraterritorial costs scheme (ETK scheme).

It is proposed to reduce the ETK scheme from 2026. Extra living expenses, including gas, water, electricity, and other utilities, as well as additional communication costs (telephone costs) for private purposes with the home country, will no longer be reimbursed tax-free from that date.

No further reductions of the 30% ruling
The government has decided not to implement any further reductions to the expat scheme (30% ruling), except for the previously announced reduction of the maximum percentage from 30% to 27% as of January 1, 2027.

The 30% ruling will continue to apply for incoming employees who meet the conditions. When granted, employers may reimburse up to a maximum of 30% of the taxable gross salary in the Netherlands tax-free for a maximum period of five years.

This expat scheme is considered an important instrument for Dutch employers to attract international talent and thereby strengthen the business climate in the Netherlands.

Annual adjustment of salary cap for the 30% ruling
Since January 1, 2024, the 30% allowance under the expat scheme has been capped and is calculated as a maximum of 30% of the WNT standard (Dutch “Standardization of Top Incomes Act”). This salary cap applies to all employees using the scheme, including those outside the (semi-)public sector.

For 2025, the WNT standard amounts to € 246,000, and for 2026 it is set at € 262,000. Consequently, the maximum 30% allowance in 2026 will be € 78,600 per year. Employees who applied for the scheme before January 1, 2022, benefit from a transitional arrangement; until 2025 no salary cap applied for them. From 2026 and onwards, the cap will apply to all employees.

Penalty tax for company cars for employers
From January 1, 2027, an additional levy will apply to all new passenger cars with fossil fuel engines provided to employees for private use.

The penalty amounts to 12% of the car’s value, based on the catalogue price, unless the car is older than 25 years, in which case the economic market value applies.

This levy is in addition to the regular private use addition and needs to be fully taken into account by the employer, creating an additional cost that cannot be passed on to the employee.

The measure applies to all fossil-fuel passenger cars, including hybrids, used for private purposes. Fully emission-free vehicles are exempt. Private commuting is considered private use for this scheme, differing from regular wage tax rules.

There will be a transitional arrangement for existing vehicles. Cars provided to the employee before January 1, 2027, are exempted until September 17, 2030. Cars first made available on or after January 1, 2027, are immediately subject to the levy.

From September 17, 2030, the levy applies to all fossil-fuel passenger cars which can also be used in private, regardless of when they were provided. The levy is applied proportionally if the car is available for part of the year, the penalty tax will then be calculated pro rata. Any partial month counts as a full month.

Note. The measure does not apply to vans or trucks.

Private use addition for new electric company cars
From 2026, new electric company cars are subject to the same private use addition as new non-electric cars: 22% of the catalogue value.

In previous years, the addition for electric cars was gradually increased. The standard 22% addition does not apply to electric cars with integrated solar panels and vehicles running on hydrogen.

Clarification of Bicycle Scheme
When an employer provides a bicycle to an employee and the bicycle is used for private purposes or commuting, a 7% annual addition is applied for the wage taxes.

The government proposes to adjust this addition. If a (shared) bicycle is not or only incidentally (less than 10%) used for commuting to the employee’s home, no addition needs to be applied.

This means no wage or income taxes are due for such usage. This rule can be retroactively applied to 1 January 2020.

VAT

VAT rates for culture, sport, media, and lodging
Based on the Budget Day Plans of 2025 the reduced VAT tax rate of 9% on culture, sport, and media as well as lodging would be abolished as per 1 January 2026.

The government proposed that the reduced VAT tax rate of 9% will remain applicable for culture, sport and media.

The previously announced VAT increase for lodging will still be applicable. From 1 January 2026, the general 21% VAT rate will apply to lodging, including:

  • Hotels
  • Holiday resorts
  • Rentals via platforms
  • Guesthouses and furnished holiday homes
  • Mobile homes and glamping

The 9% rate for lodgings will only remain for camping where the tenant brings their own tent, camper, or caravan.

Corporate income tax

Corporate Income Tax (CIT) rates will be unchanged
No changes are proposed for the corporate income tax rates and brackets in 2026.

  • The lower rate of 19% continues to apply to the first € 200,000 of the taxable profit amount.
  • The higher rate of 25.8% applies to taxable profits above € 200,000.

This is consistent with the rates applied in 2024 and 2025.

Transfer tax

Reduction of the transfer tax rate to 8%
The government previously established in a legislative proposal that, starting per 2026, the transfer tax rate for properties that are not used as a primary residence will be reduced to 8%. This applies, for example, to holiday homes or second homes and rental property. Earlier this year, an amendment was proposed to further reduce the tax rate to 6%. Unfortunately, the voting on this proposal has been postponed for the time being.

Higher starter tax exemption transfer tax for first-time homebuyer
Starting in 2026, a first-time homebuyer is entitled to an enhanced exemption transfer tax and the tax exemption amount will be increased to €555,000. This is only applicable for homebuyers between the age of 18 to 35 who are purchasing a property for the first time in their life where they actually will be living in themselves.

Gift and inheritance tax

Addressing unequal shares in a community property regime
Following a Supreme Court ruling, the government proposes that, upon dissolution of a community property regime in which the division of assets deviates from a 50/50 split, the portion received by one spouse exceeding the amount of 50% will be subject to inheritance or gift tax.

The same rule will apply in cases of a final or periodic settlement agreement with a division other than 50/50. This measure applies not only to marriages but also to registered partnerships and notarial cohabitation agreements.

No rebuttal provision is included, and a transitional arrangement applies until 16 September 2025 at 16:00.

Parent-child tax rate and exemption will also be applicable to a biological parent
Following a 2024 Supreme Court ruling, the government proposes to treat biological and legal children equally for gifts and inheritances. As a result, biological children who do not have a legal family relationship with their biological parent will also be entitled to the child tax exemption and the lower gift and inheritance tax rates. The biological child will need to demonstrate the biological parent-child relationship through providing a DNA-test.

Extension period for the filing of the inheritance tax
The filing period for inheritance tax will be extended from eight to twenty months after the date of death. At the same time, the starting point for the calculation of inheritance tax interest will be shifted to twenty months after death. The current eight-month period is often too short for taxpayers to submit a complete and accurate inheritance tax return. If the inheritance tax return is filed after this period, interest on the tax due will be calculated. This also applies in cases where an extension has been granted.

Main office

Hoofdstraat 2
2351 AJ Leiderdorp
The Netherlands

call us

+31 (0) 71 54 22 720